Abstract:
Leaf area for select species was measured in arctic tundra experimental sites from late June into early August. Measurements were made in acidic and non acidic tussock tundra and in shrub tundra in control and fertilized plots.
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Methods:
Plots were setup either in June 1980 (Toolik Acidic Tussock site), June 1989 (LTER Toolik Shrub site) or in July 1996 (LTER Non Acidic site) with annual fertilization treatments of 10 g/m2 Nitrogen (as NH4NO3) and 5 g/m2 Phosphorous (as triple superphosphate).
Calculations: See variable description.
Sampling Description.
Sites and Species Collected
Toolik Acidic Tussock 1981 plots (acidic soil)-Fertilized Blocks 1,2,3,4
-Betula nana
-Rubus sp.
-Arctagrostis sp.
-Eriophorum vaginatum
Toolik Acidic Tussock 1981 plots (acidic soil)-Control Blocks 1,2,3,4
-Betula nana
-Ledum sp.
-Vaccininum vitis-idea
-Eriophorum vaginatum
LTER Non-Acidic Site (non-acidic soil)-Fertilized Blocks 1,2,3
-Eriophorum vaginatum
-Cassiope sp.
-Carex sp.
-Dryas
LTER Non-Acidic Site (non-acidic soil)-Control Blocks 1,2,3
-Eriophorum vaginatum
-Cassiope sp.
-Carex sp.
-Dryas
LTER Toolik Shrub / Riparian Site
-Betula nana
-Salix sp.
The following procedures are arranged in order of species and include the protocol conducted in the field and in the lab. The sampling methods common to all species are as follows: A 20-meter transect was placed along the margin of each site. Five random numbers were generated using a stopwatch. These numbers were used to locate five points along the transect, thus, five samples of each species were collected per site if they occurred there. Leaf Area (LA) was measured using the Win-Rhizo Scanning System, a scanner converted to measure leaf area. After LA measurements were taken, samples were placed into coin envelopes and left to dry in an oven at 60øC for 2-5 days. The samples were then weighed and sealed in coin envelopes. The dry-weight of each sample is written on the outside of the envelope in units of grams.
Betula nana: New, long, non-flowering stems closest to the five random marks were collected. The long-stem was clipped just below the most apical short-stem so that short-stem leaves could be included in the survey. In the lab, short-stem leaves were removed from the stem and scanned for LA. Long-stem leaves were then removed and scanned for LA. The long-stem was cut to include only this year's growth. Short-stem leaves, long-stem leaves, and stems were each put into separate coin envelopes for drying and weighing.
Eriophorum vaginatum: A non-flowering tiller was chosen closest to each of the five random marks. Tillers were cut to include the rhizome, which was later discarded. In the lab the sheath of each tiller was removed and leaves were separated. Often, the leaves were cut into pieces to make them more manageable. The leaves were then scanned for LA, dried, and weighed.
Ledum sp.: Non-flowering stems were collected at each of the five random marks. Stems were clipped below the lowest (oldest) living leaves on the stem. In the lab, new growth was separated from old growth along the stem. New leaves were removed and scanned for LA. Old leaves were removed and scanned for LA. New and old leaves were placed into separate envelopes, dried, and weighed.
Vaccinium vitis-idea: Non-flowering stems were collected from each of the five random marks. The stem was clipped to include the oldest living leaf. In the lab, new growth was separated from old growth. New leaves were scanned for LA. Old leaves were scanned for LA. New and old leaves were placed into separate envelopes, dried, and weighed.
Rubus sp.: Non-flowering stems were collected from each of the five random marks. The stem included the rhizome, which was later discarded. In the lab, leaves were removed from the stem and scanned for LA. During scanning, the leaves of Rubus were compressed with a transparency so that the scanner would measure the entire leaf. Leaves were dried and weighed.
Arctagrostis sp.: Non-flowering tillers were collected from each of the five random marks. Tillers were harvested to include the rhizome, which was later discarded. In the lab, the sheath was removed from each of the tillers and the blades were often cut into more manageable pieces. The blades were often compressed with a transparency during scanning. The blades were scanned for LA, dried, and weighed.
Cassiope sp.: Non-flowering stems were collected from each of the five random marks. The stem was clipped below the oldest, living leaf. In the lab, old growth was separated from new growth along the stem and measured for LA separately. Cassiope was not separated into leaves and stems for each harvest. A regression was redeveloped between leaf area of separated leaves and area of intact stems for both new and old growth. This correct was then applied to subsequent harvests. New and old leaves were placed into separate envelopes, dried, and weighed.
Carex sp.: Non-flowering tillers were harvested from each of the five random marks. The tillers were removed to include the rhizome, which was later discarded. The sheath of each tiller was removed and the blades were often cut into more manageable pieces. The blades were often compressed with a transparency during scanning. The blades were measured for LA, dried, and weighed.
Dryas sp.: Non-flowering stems were collected from each of the five random marks. Stems were clipped to include the rhizome, which was later discarded. Leaves were removed from the stem and scanned for LA, dried, and weighed.
Salix sp.: Non-flowering stems were collected from each of the five random marks. Leaves were removed from the stem and often compressed with a transparency during scanning. Leaves were scanned for LA, dried, and weighed.
Miscellaneous Notes
Harvests were conducted approximately every 10 days and lasted about 4 days.
Version Changes:
DATA FILE ENTERED BY: Joseph M. Rodriguez
DATA FILE VALIDATION:
NAME: Jim Laundre
DATE:
LOG OF CHANGES AND COMMENTS
24Jan2002 Cleaned up documentation and up file in Arctic LTER database. JL
Version3: Translated metadata into Excel metada worksheet, added attribute table and title. Jan 2006 Jiml
Version 4: Added LTERNET Data Access server proxy for Excel and comma delimited data files.
Version 5: Upadte LTERNET Data Access server proxy link for Excel and comma delimited data files. Changed from knb to das in url.
Version 6: Updated metadata form to new version and eml to 2.1.0 JimL 10Jul2012
Version 7: Updated taxonomic coverage data. Updated metadata to newer form (with sites sheet). CH 2013.
Version 8: Checked keywords against the LTER network preferred list and replaced non-preferred terms. Jim L 27Jan14
Version 9: Changed Distrubution URL since the LTER network DAS system is being discontinued. JimL 9Apr2015
Version 10: Changed Distrubution URL since the LTER network DAS system is being discontinued. JimL 9Apr2015
Sites sampled.
EML Link:
Full Metadata and data files (either comma delimited (csv) or Excel) - Environmental Data Initiative repository.
Use of the data requires acceptance of the data use policy --> Arctic LTER Data Use Policy |